What Is Periodontal Disease?
"Perio" refers to around, while "dontal" means teeth. Periodontal disease is an infection and inflammation of the structures around the teeth, including the gums, periodontal ligament, and the alveolar bone. In its earliest stage known as gingivitis, the infection affects the gum, often causing redness, puffiness, and bleeding.
If left untreated, dental plaque and tartar can spread below the gum line causing advanced gum disease known as periodontitis. The toxins produced by bacteria in the plaque irritate the gum, which triggers an inflammatory response that may result in bone loss and damage to the tissue supporting the teeth. The gums begin separating from the teeth, forming pockets that house bacteria. As the disease progresses, further damage occurs to the gum tissue and bone, potentially leading to tooth loss.
How Does Gum Disease Affect Your Health?
Periodontal disease not only affects your oral health but can also be harmful to your overall health. Research has established a link between gum disease and heart disease, stroke, diabetes, respiratory conditions, and more.